氮肥对辽宁春玉米品种氮素吸收利用的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization of Spring Maize Varieties in Liaoning Province

选择辽宁春玉米区3个主推品种铁研58（TY58）、良玉99（LY99）、郑单958（ZD958）进行3个氮素水平的试验，梯度设N0（不施人氮肥）、NI（施入纯氮112kg／hm^2），N2（施入纯氮225kg/hm^2）。研究表明，不同品种氮反应有差异，施入氮肥后植株主要通过提高穗粒数而获得产量，TY58为氮反应敏感品种；施入氮肥植株氮积累量增加，成熟期达最大，吐丝前后的氮素积累品种间存在差异，成熟时氮素分配比例由高到低为子粒〉叶片〉茎〉鞘〉穗轴〉苞ai-〉雄穗；氮肥亏缺条件下，植株加大氮素由茎叶器官向子粒的供应比例，叶片对子粒氮贡献率最高，达28．0％-51．3％。

In this experiment, three cuhivars Titeyan58（TY58）, Liangyu 99（LY99） and Zhengdan958（ZD958） of Liaoning spring maize area, were selected under three nitrogen treatments, N0（no nitrogen fertilizer）, N1（Applied to pure nitrogen 112 kg/ha）, N2（Applied to pure nitrogen 225 kg/ha）. The results showed that, the nitrogen reaction of different cultivars was different, and the treatments applied to nitrogen fertilizer was mainly obtained by increasing the number of grains per spike, and TY58 was variety sensitive to nitrogen. The nitrogen accumulation of plant nitro- gen increased, and reached the maximum at maturity, there were differences between varieties around silking stage. The ratio of nitrogen distribution at maturity from high to low was grain 〉 leaf 〉 stem 〉 sheath 〉 cob 〉 husk 〉 tassel. Under the condition of nitrogen deficit, the plant increased the proportion of supply from stem to leaf, and the leaf contributed the highest rate to grain, was 28.0%-51.3%.