美国《科技与未来城市报告》对中国智慧城市建设的启示

China’s smart city development: Reflections after reading the American report on "Technology and Future of Cities"

分析美国《科技与未来城市报告》智慧城市建设中的交通、能源、建筑与住房、水资源、城市农业及城市制造业6个重点领域表明,智慧城市的建设是以信息通信技术为引导,在城市不同领域且不断应用及持续发展过程;美国智慧城市建设的经验,是以城市片区为主体的试验单元,构建了信息、软件、结果、最佳实践的全国共享网络平台,重视联邦政府的引导和协调功能;探讨了美国《科技与未来城市报告》中智慧城市建设对中国城市建设的启示,指出当前智慧城市建设暴露出重投资轻管理、重技术轻人文关怀、重复建设与资源浪费等问题;建议中国在智慧城市建设中应注意,智慧城市的建设不等同于信息基础设施的建设、要依托政府打造中国智慧城市共享网络平台、应当充分发挥社会各方（学界、市场、市民）创新的积极性、需要国家政府统一协调引导及多范畴支持这4方面的内容。

This paper analyzes a recent American report ＂Technology and Future of Cities＂ and reflects on China＇s smart city development. The key alias covered in the report are transportation, energy, buildings and housing, water, urban farming, and urban manufacturing. The report emphasizes smart city development as an ongoing process. In China, smart city development has taken off very rapidly in many cities. However, there have been some cases of redundant and mismanaged projects. Sharing the experience in the report, we suggest the followings. China＇s smart city development in the future should pay more attention to the application of technologies in focused areas which have the highest potential to improve people＇s quality of life; a national platform should be developed to provide big data and accelerate the formulation of regulations on common data format, data sharing and privacy protection; smart city should be understood as a continual process of experiments of uncertainty so as to allow room for testing completely new ideas;, and smart city development should be fully supported, guided and coordinated by the central government.