困境与进路:侦查阶段刑讯逼供防范研究

Dilemma and Progress:Tortures Prevention in the Process of Interrogation

刑讯逼供行为的证明难导致对刑讯逼供行为的程序性制裁难以落实,程序性制裁难以落实、对刑讯逼供行为实体处罚的不确定性和象征性是刑讯逼供治理效果差的首要原因;遏制刑讯逼供的理念定位错误是刑讯逼供难以治理有效的重要原因。在事后制裁作用有限的情况下,侦查阶段刑讯逼供的防范应将视角转向对侦查行为的外部监督制约,建立对侦查行为的司法审查制度,并重构完善已有的规范侦查人员讯问程序的制度,确保侦查阶段辩护律师辩护权的有效实施,使良法得到善治,构建侦查人员不敢、不能实施刑讯逼供的制度环境。

The procedure punishment for police torture seldom carries out because the abuse is hardly to be proved. For the lack of harness for tortures, the major reason lies in the absence of procedure punishment and the uncertainty of abusers. For the inefficiency of torture management, the major reason lies in the wrong orientation of ideas. In such circumstances, the focus of preventing tortures in interrogation should be shifted to the external supervision and constraints, establish judicial inspection system for investigation, reconstruct and complete the existed regulation on interrogation procedures to ensure the trial lawyer＇s right to defense in the process of investigation. It will create an institutional environment of good law and good governance, in which the investigators dare not and cannot impose tortures in interrogation.