龙南县劣Ⅴ类水河段的污染成因与治理思路研究

Study on the Cause and Treatment of Pollution in Worse than Grade Ⅴ Water Reach of Longnan County

综合运用单因子指数评价法、季节性肯达尔检验法及线性回归分析法,通过对该断面近5年水质检测资料和区域污染源及产业结构等资料,分析该河断面水质现状与特征变化。结果表明该断面水质均为劣Ⅴ类,非汛期水质略优于汛期,主要超标项目为氨氮且呈现上升趋势。论证得出稀土废弃矿山外排废水污染、养殖业污染处理设施不完善、环境基础设施相对滞后、水利工程调度不到位等是该断面水质超标的主要原因。并从整顿和规范矿产资源开发秩序、加大对畜禽养殖行业的监管力度、完善污水处理基础设施建设、加快沿河乡镇村环境整治和推进生态修复工程等方面提出相应的整治措施,以期为责任单位在规定时间内解决该断面水质超标提供参考依据。

Based on the single factor index evaluation method, seasonal Kendall test method and linear regression analysis, this paper analyzed the water quality status and characteristics changes of the reach through water quality testing data, regional pollution sources and industrial structure data in the past five years.The results showed that the water quality was worse than grade V water, and the water quality in non-flood season was slightly better than that in flood season.The main elements exceeding the standard were ammonia nitrogen and presented an upward trend.The main reasons that water quality did not reach the standard were the waste water discharge, the imperfect treatment facilities, the lagging environmental infrastructure and the inadequate water conservancy dispatching.It also put forward the corresponding measures from the aspects of reorganizing and standardizing the order of mineral resources exploitation, strengthening the supervision of livestock and poultry breeding industry, improving the construction of sewage treatment infrastructure, speeding up the environmental improvement of towns and villages along the river and promoting the ecological restoration project.It could provide references to solve the water quality exceeding the standard within the specified time.