“抒情传统”的新质与母语文学的“创格”——重论废名小说

The New Character of “Lyrical Tradition” and “Creation of Characteristics” of Native Literature: Review FeiMing'Novels

如果说,现代抒情小说是一种特定的语言(艺术)存在,那么当语言在道说文学时,中国文学的"抒情传统"只能由文学母语来表现和传载。情、文相生可谓废名小说独具的诗学质地,惟其如此,废名小说在续接、召唤"抒情传统"中,重构并创化了母语文学的现代传统。与表音文字不同,汉语言文字据义构型、以神摄形,讲究"心领神会",人们能够从其字形体态中"直观"意义;废名小说正是可供"直观"的文本,它将"心象"视为基本叙述元素——兴于物象、成于意象、归于心象,并凸显其直观、感悟的艺术特质和审美诉求,因而更为接近母语文学抒情写意的诗性本质。由"直观"的语言功能和"心象"叙述元素的营造,引出了废名小说的境界化叙事这一创作特质,即:"造境"是废名小说的审美旨归,正是在文本的境界化叙事中,象、境、言统一于文本,汉语言母语的形象性及表意本色在一种超验性美感中也统一于语言本体。

If Modern lyrical novel is a specific language existence,the＂Lyrical tradition＂of Chinese literature can only be expressed and transmitted by the mother tongue; The novels written by Fei Ming were rich in affection and literary features,which constituted the unique poetic quality. when renewing and summoning the＂lyrical tradition＂,the novels refactored and innovated in the modern tradition of native literature. Differing from phonography,Chinese characters pursue＂tacit understanding＂,so that people can＂intuit＂the meaning from the form. Ihe novels represented the text of＂ intuition＂,which regarded＂mental imagery＂as basic narrative element—to highlight its intuitive and perceptive artistic characteristics and aesthetic appeal,so to be more close to the lyrical poetic nature. The language features of＂intuition＂and narrative element of＂mental imagery＂led to Characteristics of the novels to pursue artistic conception,that is to say,＂Creating artistic conception＂was the novels＇ purpose. Image、artistic conception and word were unified in the text. the figurative and ideographical expression of native language was also unified in the language itself.