不同施氮量对春茬厚皮甜瓜生育后期氮磷钾吸收及利用的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogen on Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Uptake and Utilization at Latter of Muskmelon During the Spring

采用盆栽砂培实验,以"翠甜"厚皮甜瓜为材料,设6个氮处理(0、5、10、15、20、25 mmol/L)研究其对海南地区春茬厚皮甜瓜生育后期氮磷钾养分吸收及利用的影响。结果表明:施氮能够显著增加膨大期根、果实氮含量,显著增加生育后期茎叶、果实及全株中的氮、磷和钾积累量,显著增加氮磷钾养分收获指数和单果鲜重,增加磷生理利用效率,显著降低膨大期果实钾含量及氮生理利用效率。钾生理利用效率随氮水平增加先增加后降低,在10mmol/L时达到峰值。本研究中,10mmol/L氮处理单果鲜重最大,氮磷钾养分生理利用效率也最高,且氮磷钾养分收获指数居中,最有利于节约施肥,经济效益最大化。

In this study we aimed to determine the effects of different nitrogen application on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake and utilization at the latter of muskmelon with six nitrogen treatments（0 mmol/L, 5 mmol/L, 10 mmol/L, 15 mmol/L, 20 mmol/L, 25 mmol/L）. The results showed that nitrogen application could promote significantly the nitrogen content of root and fruit at the expanding stage of muskmelon during the spring in Hainan, increase significantly nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation of stems and leaves, fruits and full plant at the latter of muskmelon, improve significantly nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium harvest index and single fruit weight, improve phosphorus physiological use efficiency, decrease significantly potassium content of fruit at the expanding stage of muskmelon and nitrogen physiological use efficiency. Physiological use efficiency of potassium firstly increased and then decreased with more nitrogen, peaking at the level of 10 mmol/L. The 10 mmol/L nitrogen treatment had the highest single fruit weight and physiological utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.