现代竹建筑的结构建构研究

Tectonics of Structure in Modern Bamboo Architecture

竹材是一种天然可再生材料,在建筑中的应用历史悠久。然而传统竹建筑已无法满足现代人的需求,如何发挥竹材自身优势并融入现代建筑设计理念、形成独特的建筑美学已成为广大建筑师追求的目标。建构理论是众多建筑理论之一,是一种关注于建筑建造的形式与功能之间理性协调的理论范式。文章解析了建构理论的内涵,在此基础上对竹建筑的建构特征进行了细致的分析。通过研究现代众多前沿设计的竹建筑案例,分析了竹建筑中的竖向、横向、屋顶、空间结构的结构形态,阐释了现代竹建筑设计中呈现出的建构思维下的结构制造,梳理并归纳了现代竹建筑结构制造的4种特征:明晰逻辑、隐喻身体、融合自然、诠释文化;以期使竹建筑为人们提供舒适、安宁的环境,成为人们全身心融入自然界的居所。

Bamboo is a natural renewable material, which has been long applied in architecture. However, the traditional bamboo architectures cannot meet the needs of the modern society. How to give play to the advantages of bamboo and integrate bamboo into the modern architectural design concept to form a unique architectural aesthetics has become the goal of architects. Tectonic theory is one of many architectural theories, and it is a theoretical paradigm of rational coordination between form and function of architectural construction. On the basis of analyzing the connotation of tectonic theory, this paper makes a thorough analysis of the construction characteristics of bamboo architecture. Through the case studies of bamboo architecture with modern frontier design, it analyzes the structural forms of vertical, horizontal, roof and spatial structures in bamboo architectures, and explains the structural manufacturing with the tectonics ideas in modern bamboo architecture design. The paper summarizes 4 characteristics of modern bamboo architecture structure, i. e. , clear logic, metaphor of body, fusion of nature and interpretation of culture, that could be adopted to make bamboo architecture as a comfortable and peaceful environment for people and become the dwelling place for people to integrate into nature with all their hearts and souls.