珠海市古村与新村的人居林风貌特征研究

Landscape Characteristics of Rural Settlement Forest of Ancient and Modern Villages in Zhuhai City

文章以珠海市10个典型乡村为对象,对比研究了古村和新村的人居林风貌特征。结果表明:1)珠海市乡村人居林植物组成较为丰富,研究区植物共有149种,其中乔木96种,隶属40科80属;灌木15种,隶属12科15属;藤本种类3种,隶属3科3属;草本35种,隶属28科35属。林木主要由龙眼、黄皮、荔枝、榕树、香樟、香蕉、竹、木棉、鸡蛋花、仙人掌等观赏型和经济型树种组成。2)珠海市乡村人居林体系比较完整,非常重视风水林营造,古村的林木覆盖率整体上高于新村,古村平均为36. 5%,新村平均为27. 8%。3)珠海市乡村人居林整体呈现"外围樟树、竹林环抱,道路榕树、龙眼点缀,各家龙眼、黄皮、荔枝、三角梅、罗汉松等果树花木满院,公共空间榕树、木棉、樟树等大树遮荫"的植物景观风貌。

This paper took ten typical villages in Zhuhai city to compare the landscape characteristics of ruralsettlement forest between the ancient and modern villages, The results showed that： 1） There are a rich compositionof plants in rural settlement forests in Zhuhai City, A total of 149 species of plants were found in the study area,including 96 species, 80 genera, 40 families of arbors, 15 species, 15 genera, 12 families of shrubs, 3 species, 3genera, 3 families of vines, and 35 species, 35 genera, 28 families of herbs, Arbor species are mainly theornamental and economic tree species including Dimocarpus longan, Clausena lansium, Litchi chinensis, Ficusmicrocarpa, Cinnamomum camphora, Musa nana, Dendrocalamopsis oldhami, Bombax malabaricum, Plumeriarubra, Opuntia stricta, 2 ） Zhuhai city boasts a complete system of rural settlement forest, attaching greatimportance to Fengshui forest establishment, The forest coverage in the ancient villages （ averagely 36, 5%） ishigher than the modern villages （ averagely 27, 8%） , 3 ） Rural residential forests in Zhuhai city presents alandscape that the village is surrounded by the C, camphora and D, oldhami, the roads decorated with the F,microcarpa and D, longan, the courtyards shaded and decorated with D, longan, C, lansium, L, chinensis,Bougainvillea glabra and Podocarpus macrophyllus, and the public spaces shaded by F, microcarpa, B,malabaricum and C, camphora.