哈耶克对人造秩序的批判

Hayek's Criticism of Artificial Order based on Constructivism Rationalism

哈耶克通过对启蒙运动的梳理,将产生启蒙运动的理性主义分为演进论理性主义与建构论理性主义,并进一步加以分析。通过二者根本立场的不同和型构社会秩序基本命题的冲突,明确了自己的立场。从思想史和思维习惯两个角度来对建构论理性主义谬误的解释,得出"人之行动而非人之意图的结果"的结论。进而引出了自发秩序和人造秩序两种社会秩序,并通过分析得出:自发秩序较人造秩序而言人类更自由。

Combing the Enlightenment, Hayek divided the rationalism of the Enlightenment into evolutionary rationalism and construction-turn rationalism. Through the differences between the two basic positions and the conflict of the basic propositions of structuring social order, the author clarifies his own position and explains the fallacy of constructivism rationalism from the perspectives of the history of thought and the habit of thinking. This paper draws the conclusion of “the result of man’s action rather than man’s intention”, and then leads to two kinds of social order：spontaneous order and artificial order, and through analysis, it is concluded that the spontaneous order is more free than the artificial order.