俄语中表示时间关系的成语化复合句句型及翻译

Formulaic Complex Sentences with Time Reference in Russian and Their Translation

俄语中的时间从句用来说明主句所述事件发生的时间,不同的时间关系可用各种连接词配合动词谓语的时、体形式来表示。时间关系除用连接词表示外,还可以用词汇—语法手段表示,这是一种成语化了的复合句句型。俄语中有五种表示时间关系的成语化复合句句型,每一种句型的翻译各不相同。表示时间关系的成语化复合句句型格式较为固定,有许多自由结构复合句所没有的特点。有些成语化句型可以用语法加以解释,还有一些则只能通过熟记以达到灵活运用的目的。

In Russian, the subordinate clause of time denotes the time of the given event. Such time reference is expressed either by means of various kinds of conjunctions together with the verb’s tense and aspect or by means of lexical-grammatical expressions, which are formulaic and are mainly used in complex sentences. In Russian, formulaic sentences with time reference fall into five types, each of which is translated in a different way. They have many characteristics different from common complex sentences. Some of formulaic complex sentences can be explained by means of grammar, but some others can only be flexibly used by learning them by heart.