生长板的局部调控新进展

Progress in the Local Regulation of Growth Plate

长骨通过生长板以软骨内成骨的方式生长,旁分泌因子和细胞外基质对生长板的局部调控对长骨生长和最终身高起决定性作用。骨形态发生蛋白、印第安刺猬蛋白/甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白、成纤维细胞生长因子等旁分泌因子和胶原、聚集蛋白聚糖、软骨寡聚基质蛋白、Matrilin家族等细胞外基质成分对生长板软骨内成骨起重要作用,并相互调控构成复杂的生长板局部调控网络,进一步研究其调控机制和关联基因将有助于生长发育相关疾病的诊断和治疗。

Long bone extends through endoehondral ossification which takes place in growth plate. Paraerine factors and extracellular matrix also play critical roles in the local regulation of growth plate, which influence the growth of long bone and determine the final stature. Paracrine factors include bone morphogenetic protein, Indian hedgehog, parathyroid hormone related protein, fibroblast growth factor, and extracellular matrix includes collagen, aggrecan, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein and Matrilin. These factors are responsible for the endochondral ossification of growth plate and form a complicated regulation network. Further study on the regulation mechanisms and associated genes will be helpful to the diagnosis and treatment of growth related diseases.