食管癌PD-1/PD-L1的研究进展

Research Progress of PD-1/PD-L1 in Esophageal Carcinoma

程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)和程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)是一对共刺激分子,能负性调节免疫应答,在肿瘤的发生和发展过程中起重要作用。激活PD-1/PD-L1信号通路有助于肿瘤发生免疫逃逸,而阻断该通路可以减少肿瘤对机体抗肿瘤免疫效应的抑制,从而增强人体自身免疫系统发挥抗肿瘤免疫应答的能力。有研究显示,PD-1和PD-L1在食管癌组织中的表达水平可能与患者的预后有一定的相关性,但两者的关系却存有争议。如何选择合适的患者,提高抗PD-1/PD-L1疗法治疗食管癌的效果及用药安全性仍需要进一步研究。

Programmed cell death-1 （ PD-1 ） and programmed cell death-ligand 1 （ PD-L1 ） are a pair of costimulatory molecules that negatively regulate immune responses. It plays an imporlant role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Activation of the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway contributes to immune escape in tumors, and blocking this pathway can reduce the inhibition of the anti-tumor immune effects, thereby enhance immune system＇s ability to exert anti-tumor immune responses. Studies have shown that the expression levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 in esophageal carcinoma tissue may have a certain currelation with the prognosis of patients, but the relationship is controversial. How to choose the suitable patients,improve the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy for esophageal cancer and the safely of medication still need to be further studied.