人工湿地污水处理技术研究进展

Research progress of constructed wetland sewage treatment technology

人工湿地通过填料床、植物、微生物的物理、化学、生物作用使污水得到净化。介绍了人工湿地的构成、类型及特点。从工程建设角度,人工湿地分为表面流、潜流和垂直流人工湿地。列举了3个人工湿地工程并对其相关参数及处理效果进行了分析和对比:人工湿地可以较好地净化污水处理厂出水以及河流等水质,达到预期的排放标准,对COD、 BOD_5、 TN、 TP、 SS都有较好的去除效果,提升水质,减轻对河流的污染。在人工湿地运行过程中,最易出现堵塞问题,可以通过预处理、曝气等方法缓解。人工湿地系统管理简单、出水水质较好、投资费用低。

Constructed wetland can purify sewage through physical, chemical, biological effects of packed bed, plants and microorganisms. The composition, types and characteristics of constructed wetland were introduced. From the perspective of engineering construction, constructed wetlands can be divided into three types： surface flow, sub-flow and vertical flow constructed wetland. Three constructed wetland projects were listed and the relevant parameters and treatment effects were analyzed and compared. The results showed that constructed wetland could efficiently purify effluent water from sewage treatment plant and river water, which ensured the treated water quality meet the expected discharge standard, obtained a better removal effect on COD, BOD5, TN, TP and SS, improved water quality, alleviated river pollution as well. Blocking, the problem that most likely to appear during the process of constructed wetland operation could be solved through pretreatment, aeration and some other methods. Constructed wetland has advantages of simple management, good effluent water quality, and low investment.