考虑乘客异质的公交票价优化研究

Study on Bus Fare Optimization Considering Passenger Heterogeneity

基于某城市公交客流调查数据,建立公交客流转移模型,考虑公交票价的公益性与居民可接受水平,以公交企业总收益最高为目标建立优化模型,求解最优票价.并从乘客异质的角度出发,提出四种可操作的票制票价方案,在综合考虑公交客流、收益、乘客可接受水平的基础上,评价四种方案,为决策者提供理论支持.

In urban transportation, there is competitionamong different modes of transportation. When the bus is overpriced, passengers may abandon the bus and choose other traffic modes, and the bus is underpriced, the low fare will lead to serious losses and the financial pressure. Due to the different personal attributes and travel characteristics of bus passengers, the travel mode choice for different passengers at the same fare is different, and the same fare adjustment schemehas different influence on different passengers.Based on the survey data of bus passenger flow in a city, this paper establisheda bus passenger flow transfer model. Considering the public welfare of public transport fares and the acceptable level of residents, an optimization model was established aiming at the highest total revenue of public transport enterprises to solve the optimal fares. From the perspective of passenger heterogeneity,the paper put forward four operable fare schemes, and evaluates the four schemes on the basis of comprehensive consideration of passenger flow, income and acceptable level of passengers, so as to provide theoretical support for decision makers.