IANA移交的实质及影响

The substance and influence of IANA handover

自2016年10月美国政府将ICANN管理权移交给赋权社群,至今已有近两年的时间。国际社会对这一事件的看法,从开始乐观地认为移交管理权是美国政府放弃对互联网关键性资源垄断的第一步,到后来趋于理性地思考该举措背后的动机,再到反思管理权移交对于美国的实质影响。本文在简要回顾IANA移交历史背景的基础上,阐述多利益相关方治理模式和以国家为中心的多边主义治理模式分别代表的不同利益诉求,进而从新ICANN董事会的人员构成、去政府化、资本控制、传统法理等多个方面浅析IANA移交对美国利益的影响。

Nearly two years have passed since October 2016, when the U.S. government handed over the management of ICANN to the empowerment community. The international community has taken a look at the incident. From the beginning, it is optimistic por the transfer of management rights is the first step for the US government to abandon the monopoly of key resources on the Internet. Later, it tends to rationally think about the motive behind this initiative. and then rethink the real impact of the transfer of management power on the United States. This article is based on a brief review of the historical background of the IANA transition, explains that the multi-stakeholders governance model and the state-centered multilateralism governance model represent different interests, and then from the new ICANN board of directors personnel composition, de-government, capital control, traditional jurisprudence and other aspects to analyze the impact of the IANA transition on US interests.