语言研究的系统观

Systematic Views on Language Research

本文主要基于作者过去的研究,辅之以对认知心理学等学科的领会,提出关于语言本质的哲学思考。我们的语言系统观包括这五个层级:1)语音、词汇和语法各自成为一个系统,三者又共同构成一个语言系统; 2)普通话与方言构成一个系统,共时与历时构成一个系统,各个具体的语言构成人类语言系统; 3)语言能力与人类的其他认知能力一起构成人类的认知系统;4)语言与社会文化历史传统构成一个系统; 5)语言与人类生活的自然环境构成一个系统。这种思想对未来的研究具有方法论的指导意义。

Mainly on the basis of our past research,together with our studies in the related subjects such as cognitive psychology,this paper offers our philosophical thinking on the nature of human language. The systematic views on language consist of these following five areas or layers: 1) either phonology or lexicon or grammar is a system,and they together constitute a bigger system; 2) the standard language and its dialectal variations form a system,and the synchronic and diachronic aspects of a singular language together form another system; 3) linguistic cognition and the other cognitive abilities constitute the cognitive system of human beings; 4) language and social culture are a system;5) language and nature form a system. The present analysis is important for the future of linguistic exploration,theoretically and methodologically.