顶空-气相色谱-质谱联用分析金耳环不同部位的挥发性成分

Analysis on volatile components in different parts of Asarum insigne by HS-GC-MS

目的分析细辛代用品金耳环Asarum insigne中的挥发性成分,比较根、根茎、叶和花中所含挥发性成分的差异。方法采用顶空-气相色谱-质谱(HS-GC-MS)联用技术分析金耳环中挥发性成分,经面积归一化法计算成分的相对含量。结果金耳环根、根茎、叶和花中初步鉴定出58种挥发性成分,其中4个部位中共有成分27个,含量最高的均是反式-β-金合欢烯、黄樟醚和细辛素等。4个部位化学成分有一定的差异,有毒成分黄樟醚在根茎、叶和花中的含量较高,分别是34%、22%和21%;尤其是根茎中黄樟醚的含量是根中含量(12%)的2倍以上,使用时需要注意。结论 HS-GC-MS联用技术可以快速和简便地分析金耳环挥发性成分,可为金耳环进一步开发利用、质量评价等提供新的技术方法。

Objective To perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on the volatile components in roots, rhizomes, leaves, and flowers of Asari Radix et Rhizoma derived from Asarum insigne. Methods The volatile components were analyzed by HS-GC-MS, and the relative percentage content of each component was calculated with peak area normalization method. Results There were 58 components separated from four parts of A. insigne, including 27 common components in different parts. The principal constituents was trans-β-farnesene, safrole, and asaricin. Their contents were different in four parts. Especially the contents of safrole in rhizomes, leaves, and flowers were up to 34%, 22%, and 21%; The safrole in rhizomes was over twice higher than that in roots（12%）. Because safrole was extremely poisonous, the rhizomes, leaves, and flowers should be used carefully. Conclusion The volatile components in A. insigne can be detected by HS-GC-MS simply and quickly. The research can be helpful for development and quality evaluation of A. insigne.