胸部车祸伤的致伤特点以及超声应用在救治中的临床意义

Thoracic Traffic Accident Injury Characteristics and the Role of Ultrasound in the Treatment of Clinical Significance

为探讨超声应用在胸部车祸伤救治中的临床意义,本研究将2015年9月至2016年9月由本院收治的胸部创伤人员319例作为观察组研究对象,在治疗前使用超声检查,将2014年8月至2015年8月应用16排螺旋CT进行早期救治的337例胸部车祸伤患者作为本研究的对照组。比较两种检查方法诊断脏器损伤的敏感性、术后存活率以及检查耗时与漏诊的情况。超声诊断的灵敏度、特异度与阳性预测率分别为98.16%、97.44%、97.56%;CT诊断分别为97.65%、92.22%、92.74%;阳性预测率比较p=0.040,超声诊断可以较准确地诊断脏器的损伤。观察组术后死亡人数为28例（8.78%）,对照组39例（11.57%）,比较无差异。观察组平均检查耗时为（136.39±21.06） s,对照组为（182.42±33.71） s,超声诊断操作迅速,可明显缩短治疗前的诊断耗时。借助超声的应用可有效加快医生对伤情的判断与评估,及时发现致命性伤害,有利于提高治疗的成功率。

To investigate the clinical significance of ultrasound in traffic accident injury, 319 cases of chest trauma treated in our hospital from Sep. 2015 to Sep. 2016 were chosen as the observation group in this study, whom were checked by ultrasound examination before treatment; and 337 cases of chest wounded in traffic accident who were treated in our hospital from Aug. 2015 to Aug. 2016 were chosen as control group in this study and checked by CT scan in the early treatment. The sensitivity, postoperative survival rate, time of inspection and missed diagnosis of two kinds of diagnostic methods were compared. It was found that ultrasound diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive rate were 98.16%, 97.44% and 97.56%; and CT diagnosis was 97.65%, 92.22% and 92.74%, respectively; the positive predictive rate was p =0.040, which indicated that ultrasou- nd could diagnose organ damage accurately. The death number of the observation group was 28 cases （8.78%）, the control group was 39 cases （11.57%）, there was no significant difference between the two groups. The average time of inspection in the observation group was （136.39±21.06） s, and the control group was （182.42±33.71） s, the operation of ultrasonic diagnosis was rapid and could shorten the time of inspection before treatment. The use of ultrasound can effectively speed up the doctor＇s judgement and evaluation of the injury, find the fatal injury in time, and improve the success rate of the treatment.