超屏障在工程结构纵波抑制中的应用:带隙特性及优化机理（英文）

Engineered metabarrier as shield from longitudinal waves: band gap properties and optimization mechanisms

目的:提出一种基于局域共振带隙机理的超屏障,并将其应用于地铁浮置板轨道结构中。在保留现有浮置板轨道隔振效果的同时,进一步抑制低频带隙频率范围内纵波从道床板往基底的传播。创新点:1.探究超屏障导波模态,获取其带隙频率范围,建立带隙边界频率的简化模型;2.建立三维半轨道模型,分析新型浮置板轨道结构的整体减振效果;3.提出一种基于现场测试结果的超屏障带隙频率范围优化机理。方法:1.采用有限元法,筛选沿轴向传播的纵波模态,推导带隙边界频率计算公式;2.通过计算传递谱,研究超屏障结构的纵波抑制效果;3.建立三维半轨道模型,计算力传递率,并研究采用超屏障的浮置板轨道结构的整体减振效果;4.基于带隙边界频率计算公式,采用多目标遗传算法,得到超屏障关键参数的Pareto最优解集,并依据现场测试结果选取关键参数最优解。结论:1.所保留的现有浮置板轨道隔振效果、超屏障的纵波抑制效果以及带隙频率范围的可控性均有助于提高新型浮置板轨道的整体减振效果。2.超屏障可提供与现有浮置板轨道隔振器相近的静垂向刚度,且该静垂向刚度与第一带隙频率范围是相互独立的。3.简化模型及边界频率计算公式可用于获取具有更低起始频率且更宽频率范围的带隙;结合多目标遗传算法及现场测试结果,选取了第一带隙为50～113 Hz的最优解。

Phononic crystals that prevent the propagation of waves in a band gap have been widely applied in wave propagation control. In this paper, we propose the use ofa metabarrier, based on a locally resonant phononic crystal mechanism, as a floatingslab track bearing to shield the infrastructure in a floating-slab track system from longitudinal waves from the slab, thereby improving mitigation of ground-borne vibrations. The locally resonant band gap properties of the metabarrier were studied based on the finite element method, and the shielding performance was verified by the transmission spectrum. Simplified models for band gap boundary frequencies were built according to the wave modes. Furthermore, a 3D half-track model was built to investigate the overall vibration mitigation performance of the floating-slab track with the metabarfier. An optimization mechanism for the band gap boundary frequencies is proposed. As the low-frequency ground-borne vibrations induced by subways carry the most energy, multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization was conducted to obtain a lower and wider band gap for a better shielding per- formance. The results show that the retained vibration isolation performance of the low natural frequency, the shielding performance of the band gap, and the controllability of band gap boundary frequencies all contribute to an improvement in overall vibration mitigation performance. The vertical static stiffness of the metabarrier was close to that of the existing bearing of the floating-slab track. An optimized locally resonant band gap from 50 to 113 Hz was generated using the optimization mechanism.