西和乡村未婚女子巧娘娘崇拜的日常生活意蕴及民间信仰特质

On the Meaning of Daily Life and Characteristics of Folk Belief in the Qiao Niangniang Worship among Unmarried Women in Rural Areas of Xihe County

西和乡村未婚女子的巧娘娘崇拜,不仅呈现于不同阶段乞巧歌乃至乞巧仪式之中,且呈现于相关衣食住行等日常生活之中。使穿戴一新的节日服饰成为展示缝纫技艺、表达虔敬信仰的最靓丽手段;使基于献果、献饭、聚餐、转饭等祭祀仪式成为借以展示厨艺、协作德行,表达虔敬信仰的最诚实手段;使坐巧住宅成为在娘家赢得超乎男性的支配房屋家产以及主祭巧娘娘权利的象征性方式;使见诸和歌拜巧出行和基于跳麻姐姐的行动成为其展示害羞和平淡素净的本色之美,赢得人神对话至境的明智手段和良好机缘。所有这些日常生活仪式有着非全民性、非常年性、非庙宇性甚或非惩罚性等民间信仰特质。

The unmarried women＇s worship of Qiaoniang in the countryside of Xihe County is not only presented in the begging songs and even the begging rituals at different stages, but also in the daily life such as clothing, food,shelter and transportation--Make wearing new festival costumes the most beautiful way to show sewing skills andexpress devotion; make sacrificial rituals based on fruit donation, rice offering, dinner gathering, meal switching, etc.the most honest way to show cooking skills, cooperative virtues and express devotion; make the sitting house becomethe dominant house in the mother＇s home to win more than men. The symbolic way of family property and the rightof the priest to offer sacrifices to the Qiaoniang Empress has made it a wise means and a good opportunity to showthe beauty of shyness and plainness, and win the dialogue between man and god. All these rituals of daily life have the characteristics of non-national, irregular, non-temple and even non-punitive folk beliefs.