基于振动信号的有载分接开关故障模拟试验研究

Experimental Research on Fault Simulation of On-load Tap Changer Based on Vibration Signals

目前主要基于振动信号来实现有载分接开关的状态监测和故障诊断。通过搭建有载分接开关故障模拟试验平台,针对某厂生产的主流CM型和CV型有载分接开关,开展了紧固件松动故障、弹簧动能不足故障、触头磨损故障和制动失效故障等常见故障模拟试验;并且为了反映不同的故障严重程度,针对每种故障都根据实际情况设置了不同梯度类型。研究了典型故障条件下故障模拟试验方法,得到典型故障条件下振动信号时域图和频谱图。研究结果表明:不同故障状态的时域波形和频谱图存在差异,表现出不同特点,通过故障模拟试验监测的振动信号可以对典型机械故障进行有效判断。

At present, mainly based on the vibration signal to achieve on-load tap changer status monitoring and fault diagnosis. In this paper, through the construction of on-load tap changer fault simulation test platform, for the mainstream CM and CV-type on-load tap changer, the fasteners loose fault, spring kinetic energy failure, contact wear and dynamic failure as well as other common fault simulation tests are carried out; And in order to reflect the different severity of the fault, according to the actual situation for each fault, a different gradient type is set. The fault simulation test method under typical fault condition is studied, and the time domain diagram and spectrum of vibration signal under typical fault condition are obtained. The results show that the time-domain waveforms and spectrums of different fault states are different and show different characteristics. The vibration signals can be effectively judged by the fault simulation test.