基于压力-状态-响应模型的河南省水库生态安全评估

Ecological security evaluation of reservoirs in Henan Province by pressure-state-response model

为了推动水库流域环境生态治理与水源区水质保护,以河南省作为典型,将"压力-状态-响应(PSR)"模型在22座大型水库的生态安全评估中进行了应用,构建了水库生态安全评估的指标体系,通过熵值法确定了各指标的权重,根据生态综合指数对这22座水库2005、2015年的生态安全进行了评估。结果表明:总体上2015年水库的生态综合指数比2005年有明显提高,但形势不容乐观,仍然有22.73%的水库生态综合指数在0.4以下;经济发展水平与流域生态安全不是直接的正比关系,经济发展水平较高的区域其水库生态环境状况往往较差。PSR模型也可用于大范围大量水库的环境生态安全评估;在发展经济的同时也要关爱环境,实现人与自然和谐共赢。

Pressure-state-response（PSR） model were applied on ecological security assessment in 22 major reservoirs of Henan Province so as to manage the ecological environment of reservoir watershed and protect the water quality.The index system of reservoir ecological security was built,the weight of each index was determined by the method of entropy value,and the station of ecological security of 22 reservoirs was evaluated by the method of ecological comprehensive index in 2005 and 2015.The results showed that：generally,the ecological composite index of reservoirs in 2015 was significantly higher than that in 2005,but the situation was not optimistic because the composite index of 22.73% reservoirs was below 0.4.The level of economic development was not directly proportional to the ecological security of reservoir,and the ecological environment of the reservoir was often poor in the area of economic developed.We conclude that：PSR model can also be adopted in the environmental ecological safety assessment of large scale and many reservoirs.We should also care for the environment while developing the economy,in order to achieve harmony between mankind and nature.