控水闸对通江湖泊水位及面积变化的影响分析——以升金湖为例

Influence of the sluice on water level and area of Yangtze river-connected lakes:a case study in Shengjin Lake

根据近3年来升金湖姜坝、黄湓闸闸上和闸下以及安庆水位站实测资料,探究控水闸对通江型湖泊水位及面积的影响。结果表明:受黄湓闸控水作用的影响,姜坝站水位在枯水期维持在11 m左右,远高于其他水位站,丰水期维持在15 m的警戒水位以内,与闸上水位波动一致,在特大洪水时河湖连通,水位不受控水闸影响;闸上水位在枯水期介于姜坝站和闸下水位之间,在水位高于11 m的平水期和丰水期,水位波动基本与姜坝站水位一致;闸下水位在枯水期介于闸上和安庆站水位之间,在平水期和丰水期与长江水位波动一致;估算并比较在河湖自然连通和黄湓闸控水状态下升金湖月均面积的变化,控水闸导致枯水期湖泊面积扩大,丰水期湖泊面积缩小。

According to the measurement of Jiangba Station in Shengjin Lake,Huangpen sluice（upper and low reaches） and Anqing gauge station for the period of 2015 to 2017,the influence of water control sluice on water level and lake area for Yangtze River-connected lakes was investigated.The main conclusions are：Due to the influence of man-made dam interception and water control of Huangpen sluice,the water level of Jiangba Station remained at about 11 m,far higher than other water level stations in dry season.During the wet season,the water level reminds lower than the warning water level of 15 m,which is consistent with the upper of Huangpen sluice fluctuation,expect for the extraordinary flood,causing the rivers and lakes connected,and the water level is not controlled by the sluice.The water level of the upper of Huangpen sluice fluctuates between Jiangba Station and the low reaches of the sluice,which was basically in accordance with that of Jiangba Station during the flat water period and the wet season when the water level is higher than 11 m.The water level of the low reaches of the sluice was between the upper sluice and Anqing station during the dry season,which is consistent with water level fluctuation of the Yangtze River.The average monthly area changes of Shengjin Lake under the conditions of natural connection of river and lake and Huangpen sluice control are estimated and compared respectively,which shows that the controlled sluice resulted in the enlargement of lake area in dry season and the Shrinkage of lake area in wet season.