HIV-1近膜端表位及其免疫原设计的研究进展

Recent advances in the study of HIV-1 MPER and immunogen design

HIV疫苗所研究的免疫原设计主要针对HIV包膜蛋白进行,其gp41近膜端(Membrane-proximal external region,MPER)被证实是高度保守的线性表位。已报道的广谱中和抗体2F5、4E10及10E8靶向于该表位,但由于MPER自身免疫原性较差,为提高其免疫原性、更好激起机体体液免疫反应等考虑,进行MPER免疫原的设计以获得类似广谱中和抗体成为HIV-1研究的热点之一。本文对近年来MPER表位的研究及其免疫原的设计进行系统的综述,为后续在艾滋疫苗免疫原的设计上提供思路。

In research on HIV vaccines,immunogen design mainly focused on the envelope protein of HIV.Its gp41 membrane-proximal external region（MPER）has been found to be a highly conserved linear epitope.Studies have indicated that the broadly neutralizing antibodies 2 F5,4 E10,and 10 E8 that target MPER have low immunogenicity.A key area in research on HIV-1 is the design of an MPER immunogen to obtain similar broadly neutralizing antibodies in order to improve immunogenicity and better stimulate the body＇s humoral immune response.This paper systematically reviews recent studies on MPER epitopes and the design of an MPER immunogen in order to foster ideas for the subsequent design of HIV vaccine immunogens.