杉木和柳杉人工林的土壤理化性质对比

A Comparative Study of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Cryptomeria fortunei Plantations

以四川龙门山地区杉木和柳杉人工林为研究对象,对比分析两种人工林林下0~10 cm土层的土壤理化性质,并采用主成分分析法对土壤肥力进行综合评价。两种林型的土壤均呈弱酸性,样地间土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、速效钾含量差异显著(p <0. 05)。基于全国第二次土壤普查养分分级标准,两种林型的全氮和碱解氮含量均呈极富水平。柳杉林样地土壤全氮和碱解氮含量分别为杉木林样地的2. 3倍和2. 4倍。两个样地的土壤有机质含量处于中等以上水平,柳杉林样地的土壤有机质含量为杉木林样地的2. 3倍。两种林分的全钾、速效钾、全磷含量处于中等偏低水平,速效磷含量为缺乏状态。杉木和柳杉人工林土壤肥力质量综合得分分别为-0. 434和0. 866,表明柳杉人工林的土壤肥力优于杉木人工林的土壤肥力。

The Cunninghamia lanceolata and Cryptomeria fortunei plantations were chosen as the research object in the Longmen Moutains.The physical and chemical properties of two plantations were analyzed and compared and principal component analysis （PCA） methods topsoil （0～10 cm） were used to evaluate the soil fertility.The results showed that the soil samples were acidic.The contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,available nitrogen and available potassium were all significantly different betwee the two types of plantations （p〈0.05）.The total nitrogen and available nitrogen were high in the two plantations,according to the Second National Soil Nutrient Classification Standard in China.Total nitrogen and available nitrogen in the Cr.fortunei plantations were respectively 2.3 and 2.4 times higher than those in the Cu.lanceolata plantations.The content of soil organic matter in the two forests showed moderate level,while soil organic matter in the Cr.fortunei plantations were 2.3 times higher than that in Cu.lanceolata plantations.Available potassium,total potassium and total phosphorus in the two forests were at low level.The soil quality index of Cu.lanceolata plantations and Cr.fortunei plantations was -0.434 and 0.866,respectively,which suggested that soil fertility of Cr.fortunei plantations was higher than that of Cu.lanceolata plantations.