黄瓜连作对土壤微生物多样性和酶活性的影响

Effects of Continuous Cucumber Cropping on Soil Microbial Diversity and Enzyme Activity

在相同管理措施下对日光温室黄瓜不同连作年限土壤微生物种类和数量以及酶活性的变化进行了分析。结果表明,随着连作年限的增加,土壤细菌数量和放线菌数量均呈先增加后降低的趋势,连作10 a时达到最高,随着连作年限的进一步延长又逐渐降低;真菌数量持续增加。土脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和多酚氧化酶活性均呈先增加后降低的趋势,在连作8～10 a时达到最大,土壤过氧化氢酶活性呈连续降低的趋势。在黄瓜生长季节,随着生育期的推移,3种土壤微生物的数量和5种土壤酶的活性均呈先上升后降低的趋势,3—4月份达到最大。

The changes of soil microbial species and quantity and enzyme activity in different continuous growing years of cucumber in solar greenhouse were analyzed under the same management measures. The results showed that the number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes increased first and then decreased with the increase of continuous cropping years. The number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes reached the highest level after 10 years of continuous cropping,and gradually decreased with the extension of continuous cropping years,but the quantity of soil fungus increased continuously. The activities of soil urease,alkaline phosphatase,sucrase and polyphenol oxidase increased at first and then decreased,and achieved the maximum at8-10 years of continuous cropping,while the activities of soil catalase decreased continuously.During the cucumber growing season,the number of three soil microorganisms and the activity of five soil enzymes increased first and then decreased with the development of the cucumber growing season and reached the highest in March to April.