论陇南玉垒花灯戏的形成与当代化改造

On the Formation and Contemporary Transformation of Yulei Festive Lantern Opera in Longnan

陇南玉垒花灯戏创制的主观动因是还愿三官庙,创制方法是把湖北孝感、四川酉阳一带流行的秀山花灯和本地耍灯、民歌小调结合在一起,配以唱词和简单情节,形成了玉垒花灯戏,其道白、曲调、唱腔保留着浓郁的"川味",在不同历史发展期呈现不同的特点。袁应登及其后人建立了业余花灯戏班组织,固定演出时间,代代相传,经过不断完善,使其绵亘不绝,存留至今。玉垒花灯戏的当代化改造,是从新中国建立以后开始,在不同进程中,呈现出了新特点,其间曾经充塞过被动的"当代化"倾向,因其独特性一度形成全国影响,成著名地方剧种,"文革"时被迫停止活动,传统剧目遭禁演。改革开放初曾再放异彩,后渐呈寥落之势。近年来,它进入"非遗"保护视野,受到多方面关注。

The subjective reasons for creating the opera of the Yulei Festive Lantern Opera in Longnan is the votive purpose in the Three Offcer Temple. It was created by combining Xiushan Festive lantern Opera popular in Xiaogan, Hubei and Youyang, Sichuan with local lantern play and folk songs, with an addition of lyrics and simple plots. Its spoken parts, melody and tunes keep a rich Sichuan favor, showing different characteristics in different stages. Yuan Yingdeng and his descendants established amateur lantern troupes with fxed periods of performance. After continuous improvement, it has been handed down from generation to generation. The contemporary transformation of Yulei Festive Lantern Opera began after the founding of new China and once followed a passive tendency of ＂contemporary transformation＂. It became a unique opera with national infuence until forbidden to be staged in the Cultural Revolution when traditional operas were banned. At the beginning of the reform and opening-up, it regained splendor before gradually declining. In recent years, it has been protected as intangible cultural heritage.