以佛教释康德:梁启超的康德观探析

Interpreting Kant with Buddhism:Liang Qichao's Idea of Kant

国内最早对康德的哲学观念进行系统阐释的,是梁启超。梁启超从佛教的角度看康德,以佛教阐释康德,使康德呈现出佛教化的面貌。在康德那里,知和行本来是分裂的;但在梁启超的佛教之眼的观照下,知和行合一。在康德那里,现象与本质的区分主要用于自然界;但在梁启超佛教之眼的观照下,这与真我和假我的区分沟通起来,具有了道德伦理内涵。梁启超之所以以佛教阐释康德并呈现出一个佛教化的康德,是因为他济世救人的情怀。

The frst scholar in China who discussed Kant＇s philosophy systematically was Liang Qichao. He studied Kant from the perspective of Buddhism, interpreted him with Buddhism, and gave him some colors of Buddhism. For Kant, knowledge and practice are inconsistent, but from Liang＇s perspective of Buddhism, Kant was consistent in knowledge and practice. For Kant, the difference between phenomena and ＂things in themselves＂ was mainly in the feld of nature, but from Liang＇s perspective of Buddhism, this was related to the difference between true self and false self, which was in the feld of morality and ethics. The reason why Liang interpreted Kant with Buddhism, and thought Kant had a touch of Buddhism was that he wanted to save the world and the people.