基于波束形成的水下自导目标检测优化算法

An optimization algorithm for underwater homing target detection based on beamforming

为了提高水下自导系统的目标检测能力,提出一种基于自动增益控制和接收波束形成的水下目标检测算法。采用自导接收机接收声脉冲本振信号,根据自导接收的声信号采用差频信号处理方法生成方波信号,经滤波后输出至自导接收机中构成自导接收波束。自导接收机采用数控衰减器进行信号动态压缩处理,提高接收机输出信号的平稳性,采用自动增益控制方法增大数控衰减码,加大接收通道的实际放大增益。采用波束形成方法提高接收波束的信噪比,采用频谱移相求和方法得到接收波束输出信号的频谱,实现自导系统对水下目标的检测和参数估计。仿真结果表明,采用该方法进行水下目标检测的准确性较好,抗干扰能力较强,目标波束的指向性较强,提高了水中兵器主动自导系统对敌目标的准确检测能力。

In order to improve the target detection capability of underwater homing system, an underwater target detection algorithmbased on automatic gain control and receiving beamforming is proposed. The sonic pulse local oscillator signal is received by thehoming receiver, and the square wave signal is generated by the difference frequency signal processing method according to theacoustic signal received by the homing receiver, which is filtered and outputted to the homing receiver to form a guided receivingbeam. The digital control attenuator is used to process the signal dynamically in the homing receiver to improve the stability of thereceiver output signal. The automatic gain control method is used to increase the numerical control attenuation code and to increasethe actual amplification gain of the receiving channel. The signal - to - noise ratio （ SNR） of the received beam is improved bybeamforming method, and the spectrum of the output signal of the received beam is obtained by the method of spectrum phase shiftsummation, which realizes the detection and parameter estimation of underwater target by the homing system. The simulation resultsshow that the proposed method has the advantages of good accuracy, strong anti-jamming ability and strong directivity of targetbeam, which improves the accuracy of underwater weapon active homing system for detection of enemy targets.