2006-2016年浙江省宁波市鼠密度及其季节消长分析

Density of rodents and its seasonal growth and decline in Ningbo, Zhejiang, 2006–2016

目的对浙江省宁波市鼠密度及其季节消长特征进行分析,为鼠传疾病的防控提供基础数据。方法利用SPSS 16.0、Excel 2013软件对宁波市2006—2016年鼠类监测结果进行统计,分析鼠密度季节消长情况。结果褐家鼠和小家鼠为宁波市的优势鼠种,共占捕获总数的86.28%;总鼠密度季节消长趋势呈现双峰分布,但第2个波峰逐渐转变为6—10月的持续高峰期;不同鼠种密度季节消长趋势不同;农村自然村鼠密度(0.93只/100夹)高于居民区(0.40只/100夹)和特殊行业(0.47只/100夹)。结论宁波市鼠密度总体呈下降趋势,应重点对居民区、餐饮行业鼠密度开展监测工作,同时结合各监测点不同鼠种—密度消长趋势建立预警体系,采取综合防制措施降低鼠密度,减少鼠传疾病发生风险。

Objective To understand the density of rodents and its seasonal growth and decline in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of rodent borne diseases. Methods The surveillance data of rodent density in Ningbo from 2006 to 2016 were analyzed with software SPSS 16.0 and Excel 2013. Results Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus were predominant species in rodents captured in Ningbo, accounting for 86.28% of the total.Two peaks of annual rodent density were observed, but the second one usually lasted from June to October. The growth and decline of rodent density varied with season. The rodent density was higher in natural villages in rural area（was 0.93 per 100 rat traps） than in urban residential areas（0.40 per 100 rat traps） and special sector areas（0.47 per 100 rat traps）. Conclusion The density of rodents showed a decline trend in Ningbo, but it is still important to conduct rodent density surveillance in residential areas and food service sector areas. At the same time it is necessary to establish an early warning system of rodent density based on its growth and decline trend and take comprehensive measures to reduce the rodent density for the purpose of reducing rodent borne diseases.