猪霍乱沙门菌在全球的流行和耐药特征

Epidemic and drug-resistance patterns of Salmonella choleraesuis in the world

根据公共卫生和临床实验室监测大数据及文献,综合研究猪霍乱沙门菌在国内外的临床疾病、分子流行病学和耐药特征。确证猪霍乱沙门菌属专一寄生猪肠道内、对免疫力低下人群具有较高侵袭力的人兽共患病原,可经养殖链获取抗生素多重耐药,在过去数十年间依次在泰国、中国台湾和大陆地区优势流行或隐匿分散的肠外感染病例构成的疫情。发达国家猪霍乱沙门菌的发病率和耐药率极低,其疾病特征和菌株较难从粪便中分离的特征亦和亚洲地区有高度一致性。防控猪霍乱疫病和耐药传播重点要依靠农业部门对生猪养殖的源头管控,其次要加强各级监管部门的实验室对非伤寒沙门菌诊断的能力建设。发达国家在预防食源性传染病暴发的污染、输入和暴发调查的成熟经验值得借鉴。

To study clinical infection and molecular epidemiological characteristics of Salmonella. Choleraesuis（S. Choleraesuis） and its drug resistance pattern were analyzed retrospectively based on big data of public health and laboratory surveillance and related literature both at home and abroad. The S. Choleraesuis is confirmed belong to a swine-adapted pathogen which can cause zoonosis among immunocompromised persons due to its highly invasive capacity. Livestock cultivation is probably the means by which S. Choleraesuis acquires drug resistance. Outbreaks or sporadic infections have been found in Thailand, Taiwan and the mainland of China over the past decades. In developed countries, the incidence and resistance rates are at very low levels, but people are susceptible to the disease and it is difficult to isolate S. Choleraesuis from stool samples, which are in consistent with the situation in Asia. It is essential for agricultural sector to take infection source control measures for the control of human and swine infections with S. Choleraesuis and drug resistance spread, and it is necessary to strengthen the capability building of laboratories at all levels to detect S. Choleraesuis. Experience on foodborne outbreaks investigation in developed countries is worth learning.