从泰国堪咖大战恬神故事看恬神信仰及其变迁

The Faith of Phaya Thean and its Decline as Shown in the Folklore of KhanKhak's Fights with Thean

恬神是泰国东北本土信仰中的著名神灵,在早期民间文学作品中通常以至高神、创世神的身份出现。随着印度宗教文化的传入,佛教化的神话文本不断增加,恬神地位逐渐下降。堪咖大战恬神是泰国东北久负盛名的民间故事,其情节按一定秩序逐一开展,充分反映了恬神地位下降和功能弱化的历程。以前的至高神和创世神开始受到带有佛教色彩的文化英雄堪咖的制约,体现出原始信仰、本土文化和外来文化在相互碰撞的过程中求得了一种共存与妥协。

Phaya Thean used to be a widely known deity in the traditional local religious beliefs in northeast Thailand. He was the supreme god and world creator in early folk literature. With the introduction of Indian religious culture, especially Buddhist mythological texts and Buddhist elements, Phaya Thean began to decline in status. The folk tales about KhanKhak＇s fights with Phaya Thean are well known in northeast Thailand. The story unfolds in a way that shows the de scending and weakened status of Phaya Thean. The once supreme god and world creator begins to be prevailed over by the somewhat Buddhist like hero KhanKhak. Through collision tive religion, local heritage, and foreign culture.