闽江水口下游鱼类资源初步调查

Preliminary Investigation of Fish Resources in the Lower Reaches of Min River

通过2014年4月—8月间对闽江水口下游鱼类资源的调查,在该段流域共采集到鱼类标本59种,隶属于11目、27科、50属,以鲤形目(33. 90%)、鲈形目(32. 20%)为主。鲤科(占总种数28. 81%)、鰕虎鱼科(占总种数11. 86%)为主要优势种。与以往的历史资料比较,闽江的河口鱼类活动区域有向上游移动的趋势,渔获的洄游性鱼类种类较以往的调查有了较大幅度的下降,特别是福州鳗鲡、花鳗鲡等鳗鲡科的鱼类。为减缓咸潮上溯对闽江下游鱼类资源的影响,建议优化水口水库调度方式,保证水口水库的下泄流量。建议在水口大坝修建过鱼设施,保障闽江下游鱼类的洄游通道,同时有针对性地开展人工增殖放流。

Between April and August, 2014, an investigation of fish resources was carried out in the lower reaches of Min River.A total of 59 species of fishes belonging to 11 orders, 27 families and 50 genera were collected.The Cypriniformes （33.90%） and Perciformes （32.20%） were in the majority of all catches, and it was found that the dominant species were Cyprinidae （28.81%） and Gobiidae （11.86%）.Comparing with the historical records, the species number of migratory fish decreased significantly, especially the Anguillidae which include Anguilla foochowensis and Anguilla marmorata. In order to mitigate the impact of saltwater intrusion on fish resources, it was proposed to optimize the operation of Shuikou reservoir and ensure the discharged.It was suggested that Shuikou dam should be provided with appropriate fish pass structure, and the artificial enhancement and releasing was necessary to increase the fish species.