2017年烟台市大学生群体食品安全知识态度行为的调查

Survey on knowledge,attitude and behavior about food safety among college students,Yantai city,2017

目的了解大学生食品安全知识、态度及行为习惯情况进行调查,了解大学生对食品安全的关注情况,为大学生食品安全教育提供参考依据。方法以随机抽样的方式,于2017年10月从烟台4大高校(滨州医学院、烟台大学、山东工商学院、鲁东大学)随机抽取500名在校生,以匿名自填问卷形式进行食品安全KAP问卷调查,其中食品安全知识10题,态度8题,行为8题。结果调查500人,回收有效问卷471份,有效回收率94.20%。大学生中男生206人(占43.74%),女生265人(占56.26%);城镇人口195人(占41.40%),农村人口276人(占58.60%);4大高校分别为282人(59.87%)、79人(16.77%)、56人(11.89%)、54人(11.46%)。在10道食品安全知识题中,"医学生在每天摄盐量是否有限制"、"牛奶的杀菌是否越彻底越好"、"定期吃海鲜是否对人体有利"、"过期不久的食品是否能继续食用"中知晓率(70.12%、82.99%、72.20%、61.00%)高于非医学生(50.41%、74.78%、65.22%、65.22%)(P <0.05)。有49.04%(231人)的大学生选择网络作为获取食品安全知识的主要途径,有42.89%(202人)的大学生认为食品安全形势越来越差,且有40.55%(191人)的大学生造成食品安全问题主要原因是相关法规不完善,有42.68%(201人)大学生认为相关部门严格执法是提高食品安全最有效的措施。只有18.90%(89人)的学生一直很注意小摊点有无卫生许可证的问题;有48.41%(228人)的大学生表示在选购食品时首先关注生产日期和保质期,有70.06%(330人)的学生买到过不安全食品,然而在买到不安全食品时,只有35.88%(169人)的学生要求商家退货。结论医学生对食品安全知识的了解程度优于非医学生,大学生对食品安全的态度良好,但就餐时的卫生安全和自我保护意识有待加强。

Objective To investigate the food safety knowledge,attitude and behavior habits of college students in Yantai, and understand the attention of college students on food safety, so as to provide a reference for food safety education of college students. Methods A total of 500 students from 4 universities （Binzhou medical school,Yantai university,Shandong technology and business university, Ludong university） were selected randomly in Yantai in November, 2017. Food safety NAP survey was conducted in the form of an anonymous self-filling questionnaire. The questionnaire included 10 food safety knowledge questions,8 food safety attitude questions and 8 food safety behavior questions. Results A total of 500 people were surveyed, and 471 questionnaires forms of valid were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 94.20 %. Among college students, there were 206 male students （43.74%） and 265 female students （56.26 % ）. The urban students was 195 （41.40%） and the rural students was 276 （58.60%）. The valid questionnaires numbers of Binzhou medical school, Yantai university, Ludong university and Shandong technology and business university were 282 （59.87%）,79 （16.77%）,56 （11.89%） and 54 （11.46%） respectively. In the 10 questions of food safety knowledge,the accuracy rates of medical students（70.12% ,82.99%, 72.20%, 61.00%）were higher than those of non-medical students significantly（50.41%, 74.78%, 65.22 %, 65, 22%） in the questions of ＂whether they overtake the limit of salt per day＂,＂ the more thorough sterilization, the better milk ＂,＂whether eating seafood regularly was beneficial to human health＂ and ＂ whether the food which has exceed the time limit could be eaten sequentially＂ （70.12%, 82.99%, 72.20%, 61.00%） （50.41%, 74%. 78 %, 65.22 %, 65.22 % ） （ P d0.05）. 49.04 % （231 people） selected Internet as the main way to make access to food safety knowledge. 40.55% （191 people） considered that the main cause of food safety problems was the imperfect related laws and regulations, and 40.55 % （20t people）thought that the most effective measure to improve food safety was to enforce the legal clause strictly by relevant department. 48.41% （228 people）noticed that they should first paid attention to the production date and the best-before date before food consumption. Only 18.90% （89 people） paid attention to the problem of sanitary permit of snack stalls. 70.06% （330 people） bought unsafe food, while only 35.88% of them asked for refunds. Conclusion Medical students are more knowledgeable than non-medical students in the area of food safety. College students have a great attitude about food safety, however the awareness of hygiene safety and self - protection during meals should be further strengthened.