2016年大同市手足口病病原学特征分析

Analysis on pathogenic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease,Datong city,2016

目的了解大同市手足口病病原学特征,为本地区手足口病的防控提供依据。方法收集2016年大同市各县区送检的手足口病病原学监测标本,应用Real-Time检测技术对肠道病毒通用型、肠道病毒71型(EV71)和柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CA16)的特异性核酸进行检测。并对各区县的检出率、0~15岁不同年龄、性别、标本运送和保存时间关联性等进行了相关统计学分析。结果 2016年共收集手足病患者标本217份,检出肠道病毒通用型核酸阳性170份,检出率为78.34%(170/217),其中EV71病毒核酸阳性43份,CA16病毒核酸阳性86份,未分型(即其他肠道病毒)41份,分别占肠道病毒感染阳性的25.29%(43/170),50.59%(86/170),24.12%(41/170)。不同年龄和性别样品阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同运送和保存时间检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同的采集人员和采集时间差异阳性率结果差异显著(P <0.05)。结论 2016年大同市手足口病主要为柯萨奇病毒A组16型为主。样品采集时间的选择以及采样人员的操作对样品的阳性检出率至关重要。

Objective To discover the pathogenic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in Datong city,so as to provide support for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods HFMD samples from different counties in Datong area were collected and tested by real-time PCR method to detect universal type and 71 type of enterovirus,16 type of A group of Kosachi virus. Statistical analysis were used to analyze the correlation of the positive rate of different counties, age, sex, time of specimen transportation and preservation. Results A total of 217 specimens were collected,enterovirus universal positive rate was 78.34% （170/217）, EVT1, CA16 and other enterovirus universal positive rate were 25.29% （43/170）, 50.59%（86/170） and 24.12% （41/170） respectively. There was no statistical significance in positive rate of different ages and sexes. Otherwise, the difference in positive rate of different operation persons and collect times were statistical significant. Conclusion CA16 Kosachi virus is the main cause of HFMD in Datong city in 2016. Operator and collectian time are key points of the HFMD detection.