长链非编码RNA在大肠癌中的研究进展

Progress of long non-coding RNA in colorectal cancer

大肠癌是一种常见的恶性肿瘤，其发病机制尚不明确。近年研究显示，长链非编码RNA（1ncRNA）在各系统肿瘤包括大肠癌中发挥调控作用。lncRNA是超过200个核苷酸的非编码RNA，H19、结直肠癌相关转录本1（CCATl）、HOX转录反义RNA（HOTAlR）、肺腺癌相关转录因子1（MALATl）、母系印迹表达基因3（MEG3）5种lncRNA是大肠癌关系密切且目前研究较透彻的lncRNA，它们与大肠癌的发生、发展、临床分期、总生存、预后等有很好的相关性。因此，临床工作中lncRNA有望成为大肠癌的诊断及评判的新标志物。

Colorectal cancer is one of the most familiar malignant neoplasms, but the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer is not clear now. Recently the studies show that the long non-coding RNA （lncRNA） plays a regulatory role in various systemic tumors, including coloreetal cancer. LncRNA is a non-coding RNA over 200 nueleotides. Five types of lncRNA including H19, colorectal cancer-associated transcript 1 （CCAT1）, HOX transcriptional antisense RNA （HOTAIR）, lung adenocarcinoma-associated transcription factor 1 （MALAT1）, maternal imprinted expression gene 3 （MEG3） are closely related to colorectal cancer. They are well correlated with the occurrence, development, clinical staging, overall survival, and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Therefore, lncRNA is expected to be a new marker for the diagnosis and evaluation of colorectal cancer in clinical work.