论阳明学派的教学实践活动

On the Teaching Practice of the Yangming School

阳明学派在明代中后期能突破程朱官学的压制,获得朝廷的承认,与阳明学派的教学实践活动培养了大批的学派接棒人有直接的关系。其学派成员大力开展"讲会"进而兴建书院,为学派的崛起奠定了组织基础;学派讲学的从游风格凸显了潜在课程的教育功能;其对师友讲学论道活动的看重,彰显了教学中"重要他人"的力量;而"默坐自考"与"事上磨练"的思想则凸显了教学活动中注重个体学习经验的重要。四个层面的结合,使阳明学派得以壮大,并将学派成员紧紧地团结在一起,形成强大的社会思想力量,最终获得朝廷的认可。

In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, that the Yangming School was able to break through the suppression of the Cheng-Zhu official school and obtain the recognition of the court, has a direct relationship with a large number of scholars cultivated through the Yangming School＇ s teaching practice. Its school members vigorously carried out lectures and then built academies, which laid the organizational foundation for the rise of the school. The school＇ s style of traveling lectures highlighted the educational function of the potential curriculum ; its emphasis on the activities of lecturing and discussion among teachers and friends manifested the their respect for the strength of the ＂important others＂ in teaching; while the idea of ＂sitting in silence and taking self-examination＂ and ＂self- improvement by practice＂ demonstrated its emphasis on the importance of independent learning experiences in teaching activities. The combination of the four levels enabled the Yangming School to grow and united its members to form a powerful social ideological force that eventually won the approval of the court.