江西省铅山县一起蘑菇中毒事件的调查与鉴定

Investigation and identification of a mushroom poisoning case

目的调查江西省铅山县一起蘑菇中毒事件并对引起中毒的毒蘑菇进行鉴定。方法收集事件病例资料,开展流行病学调查,对蘑菇样品进行外观形态学、分子生物学鉴定。结果流行病学调查结果显示患者均食用了自行采摘的蘑菇,潜伏期约为4 h,出现呕吐、胃肠道不适等中毒症状,给予补液、激素、保肝等护胃解毒支持疗法进行治疗,3 d后全部痊愈出院。分子生物学方法鉴定为疑似大青褶伞。结论此次事件因误食可疑大青褶伞野生蘑菇而引起急性中毒,结合流行病学、分子生物学等方法可以较好地鉴定毒蘑菇种类。

Objective To investigate a case caused by mushroom poisoning and identify the mushroom in Qianshan, Jiangxi Province. Methods The case was studied with the epidemiological investigation, clinical treatment data, and the suspicious mushroom samples were identified by morphology and molecular biology. Results The epidemiological investigation showed that all the patients ate mushrooms picked by themselves, the incubation period was about 4 hours, and the typical symptoms included gastroenteritis, vomiting and so on. After treatment with fluid support, corticosteroid, liver protection, all patients recovered after 3 days. The molecular biological evidence showed that the samples were probably Chlorophyllum molybdites. Conclusion The case was caused by Chlorophyllum molybdites poisonous mushroom. The poisonous mushroom species could be identified combined with epidemiology, morphology and molecular biology method.