新保守主义视角下特朗普政府外交政策特征与中美关系

The Characteristics of Trump Administration's Foreign Policy and Sino-US Relations from the Perspective of Neo-onservatism

特朗普政府执政以来,以"美国优先"为执政原则,采取单边行动、退出多个多边国际合作机制;奉行实力外交,加大国防军事投入,对潜在"威胁者"和"挑战者"加强战略"竞争"与"遏制"这些对外政策与新保守主义的外交政策理念具有共通性,体现出新保守主义外交政策的特点。在此政策背景下,特朗普政府对华政策转向以"战略竞争"为主,并试图通过增强美国自身实力优势、巩固和扩大同盟关系、对华实行贸易保护以及利用台湾问题"以台制华"四个途径加强对中国崛起的"战略遏制"。美国对华政策的这一战略转向直接增加了中美之间的摩擦和冲突,未来中美关系发展呈不稳定性和复杂性的趋势增强。

For more than a year, the Trump administration has taken the ＂American priority＂ as the ruling principle, taking u- nilateral action and withdrawing from multiple multilateral international cooperation mechanisms, pursuing the strength diploma- cy, increasing the defense military input, strengthening the strategy ＂competition＂ and ＂containment＂ to the potential ＂threats＂ and ＂Challengers＂. There are some commonality between these foreign policies and the neoconservative foreign policy, reflecting the characteristics of the neoeonservative foreign policy. Under this background, the Trump government＇ policy towards China has turned to ＂strategic competition＂, and tried to strengthen the ＂strategic containment＂ of China＇s rise by enhancing its own strength, consolidating and expanding its alliance, carrying out trade protection toward China, and using the Taiwan problem and ＂containing China by Taiwan＂. The strategic shift of US policy towards China has directly increased the friction and conflict be- tween China and the United States, and the trend of instability and complexity in the future development of Sino - US relations has increased too.