不同施肥措施对杨树幼苗根际土壤微环境特征的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Measures on Micro-environment Characteristics in Rhizosphere Soil of PopulusבLulin-1’ Seedlings

为探讨牛粪与尿素配施对杨树幼苗根际微域的作用效果,为土壤的培肥与杨树生产的可持续发展提供理论依据。通过盆栽试验,研究CK(不施肥)、CF(单施化肥)、CM(牛粪)与CM+CF(牛粪与尿素各提供50%的氮)等处理对鲁林1号杨树幼苗根际土壤微生态环境特征的影响。结果表明:CM+CF处理较CF处理能明显提高根际土壤中根系分泌物含量,其中有机酸含量、氨基酸总量和总糖含量分别高出51.49%、34.13%和30.19%。不同施肥处理对根际土壤的理化性状具有明显影响,CM+CF处理降低了根际土壤pH值,提高了根际土壤的EC值、阳离子代换能力与饱和持水量。同时,该处理亦明显增加了根际土壤中碱解氮、速效磷与速效钾含量,分别较CF处理提高49.82%、53.87%和45.43%。此外,CM+CF处理显著增加了根际土壤中腐殖酸与胡敏酸含量,并显著提高了胡/富比,其中胡敏酸含量较CK、CF与CM处理分别提高50.47%、43.75%和12.59%。综上,牛粪配施尿素能更有效地改善杨树幼苗根际区域的微生态环境,从而更利于杨树幼苗的生长发育。

To explore effects of cattle manure co-applied urea on micro-zone characteristics in the rhizosphere soil of Populus× ＇Lulin-l＇ seedlings, and to provide theoretical basis for the fertilization of soil and sustainable production of poplar, this study was done. A pot experiment, including four treatments, i.e. CK （neither urea nor cattle manure was applied）, CF （100% of nitrogen was provided by urea）, CM （100% of nitrogen was provided by cattle manure）, and CM＋CF （50% and 50% of nitrogen was provided by cattle manure and urea, respectively）, was conducted to evaluate the effects of cattle manure co-applied with inorganic fertilizer on the ecological environment characteristics of poplar seedlings＇ rhizosphere soil. In comparison with CF treatment, CM＋CF treatment significantly increased total amino acids, total organic acids and total sugars in the root exudates by 51.49%, 34.13% and 30.19%, respectively. Different fertilization had great different effect on soil physicochemical properties. CM＋CF treatment significantly decreased the pH, and increased its electric cation,cation exchange capacity and saturation moisture capacity in the rhizosphere soil. In the meantime, CM＋CF treatment also increased the contents of alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium by 49.82%, 53.87% and 45.43%, respectively. Additionally, CM＋CF treatment significantly increased the contents of soil humus acid and humic acid, and correspondingly the ratio of humic acid to fulvic acid increased, of which the humic acid content increased by 50.47%, 43.75% and 12.59% compared with those in the treatments of CK, CF and CM, respectively. As a result, cattle manure co-applied urea could be beneficial to improve the micro-ecological environment, which was helpful for the growth of poplar seedlings.