甘蔗品种对甘蔗生长中后期螟虫分布的影响

The Impact of Borer Distribution by Sugarcane Varieties in the Middle and Later Growth Periods of Sugarcane

通过调查自然种群接虫方式下的螟害蛀孔数,应用聚集度指标、Iwao的回归法和Taylor幂指数法等方法综合分析了螟害蛀孔在不同甘蔗品种上的分布特点,明确不同甘蔗品种对甘蔗生长中后期螟虫分布格局,以期为指导螟虫预警监测和制定防控措施提供参考。结果表明,螟害蛀孔在蔗茎上均呈单峰型分布特征,抗虫品种聚集中心在第4～5节,感虫品种聚集中心则在第6～7节;在不同甘蔗品种上,螟害蛀孔基本成分为个体群,个体间相互吸引;螟害蛀孔空间分布型一致,均呈聚集分布,其数量和聚集强度与品种抗性相关。聚集均数λ分析表明,不同抗性等级的甘蔗品种螟害蛀孔聚集原因不同。不同甘蔗品种螟虫分布存在差异,其中抗性甘蔗品种上的螟虫聚集主要由环境因素引起,感虫甘蔗品种上的聚集除环境因素外,还与螟虫或甘蔗自身生物学习性有关。

This paper surveyed borer holes through the natural population infestation, and analyzed distribution characteristics of sugarcane borers in cane stalks by aggregation indices, Iwao’s regression and Taylor indices. Distribution pattern of different sugarcane varieties to the sugarcane borers in the middle and later growth periods of sugarcane was determined in order to lay a foundation for the monitoring and control of borers. The results showed that borer holes in cane stalks were distributed in a pattern of single peak, and gathered in 4th^5th internodes for resistant varieties and in 6th^7th internodes for susceptible varieties. In the different sugarcane varieties, the basic pattern of borer holes was of individual colony in sugarcane field, and individuals attracted each other. Borer holes in cane stalks showed the same distribution pattern in space. They were gathered distribution pattern in all tested sugarcane varieties. Number and aggregation intensity of borer holes were related to the resistance of varieties. The mean λ value indicated that the borer holes gathered for different causes with different levels of resistance. The distribution of borers in different sugarcane varieties is different. The accumulation of borers on the resistant sugarcane varieties is mainly caused by environmental factors, and those on susceptible varieties is also related to the biological learning of sugarcane or cane borers.