食品中的重金属检测技术及其发展探讨

Research and Development of Heavy Metal Detection Technology in Food

随着人们生活条件的改善,人们对食品安全越来越关注。因此,就需要食品检测部门加强对食品的检测力度,以确保人们的食品安全。而在食品安全中,重金属污染是其中的一个重要问题,如果任由被污染的食品流入市场,会威胁人民群众的人身安全。本文先围绕食品中重金属的主要来源及其危害进行分析,然后对食品中重金属检测技术进行了探讨,重点阐述了原子荧光光谱法、原子吸收光谱法、X射线荧光光谱法以及电感耦合等离子体-质谱法这几种重金属检测方法;紧接着对各种检测方法的优缺点进行对比,了解到在不同的领域和不同的场合之中,需要运用不同的检测方法;并对食品进行重金属检测的主要意义进行了分析;最后对重金属检测技术进行了展望,了解到食品中的重金属检测应当以预防为主。

With the improvement of people’s living conditions, people pay more and more attention to food safety. Therefore, it is necessary for the food testing department to strengthen the testing of food to ensure people’s food safety. Heavy metal pollution is an important issue in food safety. If these food is allowed to enter the market, it will threaten people’s personal safety. This paper first analyzed the major sources and harms of heavy metals in food, and then discussed the detection technology of heavy metals in food, focusing on the atomic fluorescence spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Next, compared the advantages and disadvantages of various detection methods, and learned that different detection methods need to be used in different fields and occasions. The significance of heavy metal detection in food was analyzed. Finally, the technology of heavy metal detection was prospected.