“天志”作为墨家生态之道的当代价值

“Heaven's Intent” as the Way of Mohism's Ecological Philosophy and Its Contemporary Value

天人关系是古典生态智慧和现代生态哲学的核心命题。墨家思想的"天""天志""明鬼"等概念,蕴藏着天、地、人之间"爱、义、利"和谐统一的生态智慧和生态哲学思想资源。"天",可以反思生态伦理学的二元对立缺陷而呈现人与自然密切关联的经验事实;"天志",意在重构生态伦理道德而表征出一种自我服从的生态自由意志和价值理性;"明鬼",能够在尊重保护自然生态的知行断裂中构建德福一致的因果保障。

The relationship between Heaven and humanbeing is the core proposition of classical ecological wisdom and modern ecological philosophy. The concepts of “Heaven”, “Heaven s intent”, and “ghost” in Mohism represent the ecological wisdom and ecological philosophy which creat the harmonious unity of “love, righteousness and interest” between nature and beings. “Heaven” can reflect the binary opposition defect of ecological ethics and present the empirical fact closely related to nature. The aim of “Heaven s intent” is to reconstruct the ecological ethics and morals and to represent the ecological free will and value rationality of self-obedience. “Heaven” and “ghost” can provide a consistent cause and effect guarantee in respect of protecting the natural ecology.