卡佛小说中的性别颠覆书写及两性关系探索

Subversive Gender Writing and Exploration of Gender Relations in Carver's Novels

卡佛小说虽以讲述男性故事为主,但并未把男性作为故事的"意识中心",反而用笔墨刻画了诸多男性人物主体身份的消解与主体意识的迷失。小说对女性人物的描写则积极得多,她们不再是男性的附属品,而是具有明显的自我意识与独立人格的鲜活个体。这种男女形象的塑造是对传统小说以男性为中心、男强女弱的书写模式的颠覆,同时也是对时代性别角色变化的真实写照,传达了作者对传统性别意识的质疑与否定以及对两性关系的不懈探索。

Carver＇s novels mainly tell stories about men, but men are not taken as the ＂ideological center＂ of the stories. Instead, the stories focus on the portraits of the declining of the men＇s subject identity and the loss of their subject consciousness. However, the women in the novels are more positive; they are no long the subordinate to men, but active individuals with self consciousness and independent personality. Such image construction of men and women subverts the conventional writing which tends to take men as the sole and present men as the strong and women the weak. Meanwhile, it portrays a real picture of the changes of the gender roles at that time, conveys the writer＇s skepticism and denial about the conventional gender consciousness and his untiring exploration to the gender relations.