真北定向测量方法及其对比分析

Analysis and Comparison of True North Orientation Measurement

测定真北方向主要有两种方法,一种是采用陀螺仪进行定向测量,并通过预先测定的陀螺仪常数进行改正;另外一种方法是采用全站仪,通过坐标北加上子午线收敛角来定出真北方向。文中对比了这两种方法的测量、计算以及实地操作过程,分析了影响定向精度的误差源。通过对现有仪器的测量精度和计算过程进行分析,论证了在基于当前陀螺全站仪的测量精度条件下,通过坐标北加上子午线收敛角进行真北定向比陀螺仪进行真北定向具有更高的精度。

There are two main methods to determine north direction,namely the gyroscope orientation measurement or through coordinate north and meridian convergence angle to the north direction,this paper compares the measurement and calculation process of this two methods,analyzed the influence of error source orientation precision,through the analysis of the measurement accuracy and the calculation process of the existing instrument,verified by coordinate north and meridian convergence angle north orientation than gyroscope with high precision.