会泽县核桃优株坚果经济性状的多样性

Diversity of Economic Characters of Walnut Superior Trees in Huize County

为云南省会泽县选育优良核桃品种提供参考,对会泽县54个核桃优株坚果经济性状进行多样性分析,并与云南省核桃坚果选育标准进行比较。结果表明:核桃坚果描述性性状中形状、缝合线、刻纹和仁色的Simpson多样性指数较高,分别为0.785、0.870、0.917和0.776,具有丰富的多样性;数量性状中粒重、仁重的变异系数较大,分别为117.63%和120.61%,粒重、仁重变化较大,坚果大小不一,多样性丰富;粒重达到云南省核桃坚果选育标准的品种占总数的64.81%、三径均值达标品种占70.37%、油脂达标品种占10.20%、蛋白质含量达标品种占63.26%、壳厚达标品种占94.23%。参照云南省核桃坚果选育标准,提出会泽县优质核桃选育参考标准为粒重≥13.67g,三径均值≥3.50cm,壳厚≤0.86mm,油脂含量≥67%,蛋白质含量≥15.68%。

The diversity analysis of economic characters of 54 walnut superior trees in Huize County of Yunnan Province was carried out to provide references for the selection of excellent walnut cultivars in Huize County of Yunnan Province. Results： Simpson diversity indexes of shape, suture, carving and kernel color of walnut nuts were higher, which were 0.785,0.870,0.917 and 0.776 respectively. The variation coefficients of grain weight and kernel weight were 117.63% and 120.61% respectively. Walnut grain weight and kernel weight changed greatly, walnut nut size varied, and diversity was abundant. The grain weight, mean value of three-diameter （latitude diameter, longitude diameter and edge diameter）, lipid, protein and shell thickness of walnut cultivars meeting the breeding requirements in Yunnan Province accounted for 64.81%, 70.37%, 10.20%, 63.26% and 94.23% respectively. In allusion to the breeding standard of walnut in Yunnan Province, the proposed breeding standard of walnut in Huize County included kernel weight≥13.67 g, mean value of three-diameter ≥3.50 cm, shell thickness ≤0.86 mm, lipid content ≥67% and protein content ≥15.68%.