空间植物栽培关键技术地面验证试验研究

Research on Ground-Based Validation Test for Plant Cultivation in Space

针对空间微重力下植物栽培的特点,通过搭载一台植物栽培装置对空间微重力下植物栽培的关键技术进行模拟和验证。试验验证了种子发芽技术,确定了切缝、海绵塞和丸粒化三种发芽方式并存的方案;验证了水分传导技术,确定了最终的注水和补水方案;验证了养分供应技术,采用缓释肥作为植物的养分来源;验证了缓释肥在栽培基质中的养分释放特性。在地面验证试验过程中,植株生长发育良好,在确定的栽培方案下,植株平均株高可达7 cm,平均叶片数可达到6片/株,平均鲜重可达到5.5 g/株。试验结果证明了种子发芽结构和水分养分供应技术的合理性。

According to the plant growth features under microgravity environment, the ground-basedtest for plant cultivation in space was carried out to provide technological and theoretical support forthe design of the structure of space plant growth facility, and to solve the problems of seed germina-tion and water ＆ nutrition supply. Three structures for seed germination were determined. Waterconduction technology was verified with the determined water irrigation ＆ supplement strategy. SRF（ slow release fertilizer） was used for nutrition supply and the nutrition release characteristic was alsoverified. Plant grew well in the test, with an average plant height of 7 cm and leaf number of 6, aswell as an average fresh weight of 5. 5 g. The results proved the feasibility of seed germination struc-ture and water / nutrition supply technology.