责令限期拆除行政行为法律属性的多元性——以45份住建行政裁判为样本分析

The Diversity of the Legal Attribute for the Administrative Act of the Demolition within a Time Limit: Taking 45 Administrative Adjudication of Homebuilding as Samples

对责令限期拆除是行政强制还是行政处罚的认定,往往决定被告行政行为是否成立,进而影响诉讼的胜败。然而,实务界和理论界对该认定的认识并不统一。产生较大分歧的主要原因是混淆了行政强制与行政处罚的法律属性。根据对行政行为阶段、关于责令限期拆除的相关法律规定、《行政强制法》与《行政处罚法》的规制范围等方面的综合分析,可将实践中可能出现的五种情形分别定性为行政强制、行政处罚和行政强制执行前的告知程序。

Whether the demolition within a time limit is an administrativecoercion or administrative punishment is often determined whether the defendant＇s administrative action is established, which in turn affets the success or defeat of the lawsuit. However, the practical and theoretical circles do not agree on this recognition. The main reason for the large differences is the confusion of the legal attributes of administrative coercion and administrative penalties. According to the comprehensive analysis of the administrative action stage, the relevant legal provisions on the dismantling of deadlines, the Administrative Enforcement Law and the scope of regulation of the Administrative Punishment Law, the five situations that may appear in practice can be characterized as administrative coercion, adminis- trative penalties and notification procedures before administrative enforcement.