从“利奇”到“斯科特”：西方国家东南亚研究的人类学转向与中国的话语权

From “Leach” to “Scott”: an Anthropological Orientation of Southeast Asian Studies in the Western Countries and China's Discourse Right

20世纪60年代以后,西方国家的东南亚研究出现了从宏观的国家研究向微观的族群研究转变的趋向。在这一转变中,英国学者埃德蒙·R.利奇和美国学者詹姆斯·C.斯科特的研究促进了学界对族群概念的再认识。这些对族群概念的再认识也冲击了中国的民族概念理论体系。中国学者面临一个怎样定义自己国家民族概念的问题——是被动适应国际话语体系还是主动参与体系的构造?在民族概念的国际话语体系中,中国必须有自己的话语权。

Since 1960s, the study of southeast Asian in Western countries has changed from macro country research to micro ethnic studies. In this transformation, the British scholar Edmund R. Leach and American scholar James C. Scott are the two researchers whohave important influence on them. Their research has promoted the recognition of the concept of ethnic groups, and on the other hand, the renderstanding of the concept of ethnic groups has also impacted the national concept and theory system in China. Chinese scholars are faced with a definition of their own nation, a passive adaptation of the international discourse system, or the construction of the active participation system. The research of this paper is trying to explain that China nmst have its own right in the international discourse system concerning the concept of nationality.