浅谈年轻女性乳腺癌的临床病理特征及分子分型

Discussion on the Clinicopathological Features and Molecular Typing of Breast Cancer in Young Women

目的研究分析年龄女性乳腺癌的临床病例特征及分子分型。方法择取该院2016年1月—2018年1月期间收治的绝经后女性乳腺癌患者188例分为A组,择取年轻女性乳腺癌患者51例分为B组,检测两组相关指标并进行分子分型,比较分析两组肿瘤组织学分级、组织类型分布、组织各指标表达及分子亚型。结果 A组肿瘤组织学分级为I级占比28.19%,比B组13.73%的占比显著更高(χ~2=6.310,P=0.012);A组肿瘤组织类型分布为N0占比52.66%,比B组35.29%的占比显著更高;A组与B组在肿瘤组织PR+、ER+、HER-2+及Ki-67+的表达上比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组在肿瘤组织分子亚型上比较,A组和B组均以Luminal B型为主,分别占比42.55%和37.25%;A组Luminal A型比例为37.77%,显著高于B组的21.57%(χ~2=6.288,P=0.012);B组HER-2过表达型和三阴型比例分别为21.57%、19.61%,均显著高于A组的10.11%和9.57%(χ~2=4.925、4.044,P=0.026、0.044)。结论年龄女性乳腺癌患者与绝经后乳腺癌患者具有不同的病理特征和相似的肿瘤分子亚型。

Objective To study the clinical case characteristics and molecular typing of breast cancer in young women. Methods A total of 188 postmenopausal women with breast cancer admitted to the hospital from January 2016 to January 2018 were enrolled in group A. 51 young women with breast cancer were enrolled in group B. Molecular typing was performed to compare the histological grade,tissue type distribution, tissue expression and molecular subtypes of the two groups. Results The histological grade of group A was28.19%, which was significantly higher than that of group B of 13.73%（χ^2=6.310, P=0.012）. The distribution of tumor tissue type in group A was 52.66%. Compared with the group B, the proportion of 35.29% was significantly higher（χ^2=6.123,P=0.013）; the expressions of the PR＋, ER＋and HER-2＋Ki-67＋in the tumor tissues of group A and group B were significantly different（P〈0.05）; the two groups were compared in the molecular subtypes of tumor tissues. Groups A and B were mainly Luminal B type, accounting for42.55% and 37.25%, respectively; the proportion of Luminal A type in group A was 37.77%, significantly higher than 21.57% of the group B（χ^2=6.288, P=0.012）; the ratio of HER-2 overexpression and triple negative in group B were 21.57% and 19.61%, respectively, which were significantly higher than 10.11% and 9.57% of group A（χ^2= 4.925、4.044, P=0.026、0.044）. Conclusion Age-related female breast cancer patients have different pathological features and similar tumor molecular subtypes as postmenopausal breast can-cer patients.